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Phase 03 · Strategy & Business Model
SWOT Analysis
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
Albert Humphrey, Stanford Research Institute · 1960s-1970s

SWOT is a structured planning tool evaluating internal Strengths and Weaknesses alongside external Opportunities and Threats. Most valuable when the four quadrants are cross-analysed to generate concrete strategic options.


Strategic planning sessions, annual roadmap reviews, and when evaluating significant new initiatives or market moves.


  1. Strengths: What do you do better than anyone? What unique assets do you have?
  2. Weaknesses: Where do you underperform? What do competitors do better?
  3. Opportunities: What trends or gaps could you exploit?
  4. Threats: What obstacles, competitor moves, or market changes could hurt you?
  5. Cross-analyse: SO (strengths + opportunities), ST, WO, WT strategies

🎵 Spotify

Strength: recommendation algorithm and listening data scale. Weakness: podcast content quality inconsistency, no owned music catalogue. Opportunity: live audio, audiobooks, convergence of music and video. Threat: Apple's vertical integration. SO strategy: use data advantage to build the most personalised audiobook and podcast experience before Apple can.

📊 Trade Surveillance

Please contact the author for more information on these examples at linkedin.com/in/kshitijrege



Albert Humphrey, Stanford Research Institute 1960s-1970s


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